DNA damage repair enzymes are interesting targets in cancer, since genomic instability and DNA repair defects are important cancer cell hallmarks. Poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) is the dominant eliminator of PARylation in the cell, the activity of which prevents excessive accumulation of PARylation, and promotes the dissociation of repair proteins, as well as ensuring the smooth completion of DNA repair process.
Oncolytic viral therapy offers new avenues in anticancer treatment, and two herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1-based virotherapies have recently gained approval for the treatment of advanced melanoma and recurrent glioblastoma.
Werner syndrome ATP-dependent helicase (WRN) is an enzyme involved in DNA replication and repair and has been identified as a synthetic lethality target in tumors with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H).
Microsatellite instability (MSI), which results from defects in the DNA mismatch repair system, is an important biomarker in colorectal cancer. While the MSI-high (MSI-H) status predicts response to pembrolizumab, a commonly used immune checkpoint inhibitor in metastatic colorectal cancer, a subset of MSI-H patients still does not respond to this treatment.
Suzhou Zion Pharma Technology Co. Ltd. has described transcription activator BRG1 (SMARCA4; BAF190A; SNF2-β) and/or probable global transcription activator SNF2L2 (SMARCA2; BAF190B; SNF2-α) inhibitors reported to be useful for the treatment of cancer and viral infections.
Shanghai Ennova Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd. has identified condensed ring compounds acting as ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase, liver type (PFKL) activators reported to be useful for the treatment of cancer, autoimmune disease, inflammatory disorders, lung diseases, metabolic diseases, sepsis and thrombosis.
Gen1e Lifesciences Inc. and the University of Maryland have patented mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1; ERK2) and/or mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3; ERK1) inhibitors.
Esophageal cancer accounts for the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The clinical efficacy of therapies for esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain limited due to drug resistance and side effects. There is an urgent need to identify new therapeutic targets to shed light on its pathogenesis.
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