A large-scale genetic study found 26 risk loci for epilepsy, a chronic brain disease with multiple forms, not all of them heritable. The work, by more than 300 authors from the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE), investigated seven different subtypes of this neurological condition. “There are over 100 genes that we know can harbor mutations that cause epilepsy,” the co-corresponding author Gianpiero Cavalleri told BioWorld. These genes have rare forms that cause that epilepsy. However, “this particular GWAS is focused more on common forms of epilepsy,” he said.
“The size of a chromosome does not correlate with complexity of the sequences within,” Jackson Laboratory professor Charles Lee told BioWorld. Which is why the Y chromosome, which is the runt of the litter as far as human chromosomes are concerned, was the last to be fully sequenced. Now, 20 years after publication of the first near-complete human genome sequence and 16 months after the telomere to telomere (T2T) consortium announced it had completed “gapless assemblies for all chromosomes except Y,” of the human genome, it really is done.
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inborn error of metabolism caused by heritable phenylalanine hydroxylase gene mutations that result in decreased metabolism of phenylalanine (Phe) causing brain damage. The most severe phenotype termed PKU occurs when untreated individuals achieve plasma Phe concentrations of >1200 microM/L, which are neurotoxic.
By using machine learning techniques to scour electronic health records, researchers have identified individuals who were likely to have binge eating disorder (BED) but had not received a formal diagnosis. Genomewide association studies including such patients enabled the investigators to identify several risk variants that were correlated with BED irrespective of body mass index (BMI), which covaries with BED and is a potential confounding factor.
Researchers have used multivariate statistical analysis to identify new genomic loci related to aging, and new potential drug targets. They reported their findings online in Nature Aging on Aug. 7, 2023. Aging is a multifaceted process, and whether it is going well or not is determined by multiple factors. Most aging studies, however, focus on individual aspects of aging.
Lexeo Therapeutics Inc. has announced that its IND for LX-2020 has been cleared by the FDA. LX-2020 is an AAVrh10-based gene therapy candidate designed to intravenously deliver a functional PKP2 gene to cardiac muscle for the treatment of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) caused by variants in PKP2 (PKP2-ACM).
Non-profit Solve GNE LLC has raised over $2.5 million and announced sponsored research agreements to help advance research in hereditary inclusion body myopathy (HIBM), or GNE myopathy (GNEM).
The overexpression of the MYC oncogene could be explained through a new pathway that would act before transcription, when MYC binds to DNA. A group of scientists from Spain have identified how the ERK2 kinase interacted with the CDK9 protein, enabling it to bind to DNA in the promoter region of MYC.
Using whole genome sequencing, scientists at Boston Children’s Hospital have studied the genes and mutations of ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) that would respond to treatments with splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs). Their work, published on July 12, 2023, in Nature, determined the appropriate individualized genetic therapy for these patients and identified a new drug.
Researchers from the Institute of Translational Genomics at Helmholtz Munich have described a genetic overlap between type 2 diabetes (T2D), a disease that is also associated with obesity, and osteoarthritis, a degeneration of the joints that worsens with age and coincides in the factor risk of being overweight. The researchers used genetic data, multiomics and functional analysis of the tissues T2D and osteoarthritis express to identify which genes were associated and correlated with both diseases. They published their results on July 10, 2023, in The American Journal of Human Genetics.
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