Deficiencies in the SLC6A1 gene, encoding the γ-aminobutyric acid transporter GAT-1, are associated with infantile encephalopathy with intellectual disability. Like other neurodevelopmental disorders, SLC6A1-related disorders lack effective treatments; therefore, gene therapy using viral vectors has been proposed as a potential therapeutic strategy.

Arbor Biotechnologies Inc. has gained IND clearance from the FDA for ABO-101, a novel gene editing therapeutic designed to address primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1). A phase I/II study in adult and pediatric patients with PH1 is expected to begin in the first half of 2025.

Vigeneron GmbH has received IND approval from the FDA for VG-801, a novel mRNA trans-splicing gene therapy to treat Stargardt disease and other retinal dystrophies associated with mutations in the ABCA4 gene. IND clearance enables initiation of a phase I/II trial, with a clinical trial application (CTA) submission to the EMA also planned in the coming months.

A gene therapy based on an enhanced lipid nanoparticle (LNP) loaded with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA could be developed for the treatment of preeclampsia, according to a study in mice in which it alleviated maternal hypertension until the end of gestation and improved fetal health. Preeclampsia is a disease that affects 3% to 5% of pregnant women, who suffer from hypertension and proteinuria, elevated levels of protein in the urine, during pregnancy.

Kriya Therapeutics Inc. and the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona have published preclinical data for KRIYA-497, a one-time intramuscular gene therapy being developed for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).

Splicebio S.L. has gained IND clearance from the FDA for its lead program SB-007, a protein splicing gene therapy to address the root genetic cause of Stargardt disease.

Epileptic encephalopathy due to mutations in the STXBP1 gene, also known as genetic epilepsy, is a rare disease characterized by intellectual disability, speech and motor impairment and behavioral issues, among others, that affects 1 in every 30,000 newborns and which has no approved therapies to date.

Spur Therapeutics Ltd. has selected SPR-301 as lead development candidate from its gene therapy program for a genetically defined subset of Parkinson’s disease characterized by mutations in the GBA1 gene. The mutations cause a deficiency in the enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase), leading to the accumulation of α-synuclein and subsequent death of neuronal cells that are hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease.