The range of effects caused by rhinoviruses – the pathogens responsible for the common cold – motivated scientists at Yale University to study the human nasal epithelium and uncover a previously undescribed defense mechanism. The interferon-mediated protective response in these cells can limit infection, whereas a maladaptive response tends to worsen it. Based on these findings, the researchers have identified potential therapeutic targets to reduce inflammation associated with rhinovirus infection.

Rhinovirus (RV) infection is among the most common respiratory infections causing exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. The high antigenic diversity of RV is a barrier to the development of effective cross-protective vaccines for RV infection.

Human rhinoviruses (hRVs) are associated with upper respiratory tract infections such as the common cold, otitis media or sinusitis. In immunocompromised individuals or older people, hRVs can exacerbate existing pulmonary conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Researchers from GSK plc presented the discovery and preclinical characterization of novel potent and selective inhaled phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase β (PI4Kβ) inhibitor being developed for the treatment of human rhinovirus (HRV)-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations.

Altesa Biosciences Inc. CEO Brett Giroir called the firm’s scientific co-founders George Painter and Dennis Liotta “the most important developers of drugs against viruses on the planet, and probably in history.” Giroir’s remarks came as the College Park, Ga.-based firm launched to develop and commercialize new antiviral drugs against common respiratory bugs such rhinovirus and parainfluenza, as well as vector-borne threats such as Dengue fever, yellow fever, Zika and Powassan.