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Home » Topics » Science » Microbiome

Microbiome
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Lungs
Respiratory

Hpvac-R13 prevents lung airway remodeling in mouse model of acute allergic asthma

March 27, 2023
Hpvac SA has announced promising results of its lead compound Hpvac-R13 on airway...
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Sculpture of Santiago Ramon y Cajal
Gastrointestinal

Condensates allow gut bacteria to adapt to the lean life

March 21, 2023
By Anette Breindl
Gut bacteria used liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) to organize themselves into condensates, which allowed them to adapt to nutrient deprivation, enabling them to colonize the gut. In experiments reported in the March 17, 2023, issue of Science, investigators showed that a mutant of the beneficial gut bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron was “highly defective in competitiveness, in its ability to colonize the mammalian gut,” senior author Eduardo Groisman told BioWorld. “Our paper provides the first example in which [LLPS] matters in bacterial host interactions.”
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HIV/AIDS

Intestinal bacteria prevent HIV infection in vitro

Feb. 28, 2023
By Mar de Miguel
The intestinal microbiota could protect against HIV infection. At the 30th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) last week, a group of scientists from Duke University presented data showing a preventive effect of two bacteria from the Lachnospiraceae family, the species Clostridium immunis and Ruminococcus gnavus against HIV. These microorganisms strongly inhibited HIV replication in vitro through the metabolic pathway of tryptophan and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.
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Microbiome illustration
Gastrointestinal

Intestinal oxygen protects against GVHD via microbiome

Feb. 16, 2023
When oxygen levels of the intestine increase, the appropriate hypoxic conditions for intestinal microbiota are lost. This state may be caused by immune-mediated malfunction of the intestinal epithelium. By controlling oxygen levels, the imbalance in the intestinal microbiome (dysbiosis) can be reduced.
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Endocrine/Metabolic

Proteomic signature predicts responsiveness to exercise

Feb. 15, 2023
By Anette Breindl
Scientists have identified proteins that changed in response to exercise specifically in trial participants whose blood sugar control improved after taking up an exercise regimen. Based on serum protein analysis, the investigators also developed a machine-learning algorithm that could predict whether an individual’s metabolic sensitivity would be improved by exercise.
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Expected omics results vs. actual omics results
Drug Design, Drug Delivery & Technologies

Incomplete databases can yield false positives in microbiome studies

Feb. 13, 2023
By Subhasree Nag
A study by researchers in Spain suggests that current metagenomic analyses of the microbiome can yield erroneous results, largely due to the incomplete databases that are used to identify microbial DNA sequences. A team led by Clemente Fernández Arias and Federica Bertocchini at the Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Madrid, evaluated current microbiome analysis techniques on computer simulations of microbial communities in a report published on Feb. 8 in PLOS ONE.
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Illustration representing connection between brain and gut microbiome.
Neurology/Psychiatric

Changes in microbiome impact neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s model

Jan. 13, 2023
By Helen Albert
A study in a mouse model of tau protein build-up in the brain, similar to that seen in later stage Alzheimer’s disease (AD), shows that changes to the microbiome in these animals can impact the degree and progression of neurodegeneration observed. As reported in the Jan. 12, 2023, study published in Science, the researchers found that mice that were germ free and those given antibiotics to change their gut microbiome early in life had significant reductions in brain atrophy compared with those with a standard microbiome.
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Obesity, fat cell research concept image
Endocrine/Metabolic

Rose Biosciences to take forward MCW discovery for obesity

Nov. 15, 2022
Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW) has announced the founding of Rose Biosciences, a biotech company pioneering a new approach to obesity treatment based on a discovery at MCW.
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Infection

Covira closes dilutive funding to advance microbiome therapy to prevent postsurgical infections

Oct. 7, 2022
Covira Inc., a spinout from The University of Chicago, has closed its first dilutive funding via an oversubscribed $1.0 million seed round after raising $9.1 million of nondilutive funding.
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Cancer

TMAO promotes immune activation and enhances immune checkpoint blockade therapy in PDAC

Oct. 6, 2022
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a type of cancer with poor prognosis and immunotherapy has failed at improving patient...
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