The overexpression of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) is tied to poor prognosis in several cancer types, including osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma, and is therefore a potential therapeutic target in these cancers. In this regard, Avammune Therapeutics Inc. is developing an ENPP1 inhibitor – AVA-NP-695.

Abilita Therapeutics Inc. has developed a novel approach targeting CCR8 – ABT-863 – that works as a potent inverse agonist to block CCL1-dependent and basal receptor signaling.

Abion Inc. has presented data for ABN-202, a hyperglycosylated interferon (IFN) β mutein fused to a monoclonal antibody targeting tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 (TROP2) that retains activity under acidic conditions.

T cell-engaging bispecific antibodies (TCEs) are engineered molecules designed to bring cytotoxic T cells into proximity with tumor cells, triggering a targeted, antigen-dependent immune attack. However, TCE may activate T cells in healthy tissues, leading to off-tumor toxicity.

IL-2 is clinically validated as an immunotherapeutic, but its use is limited by toxicity issues. AZD-6750 is an approach from Astrazeneca plc that applies cis-guiding to deliver a modified IL-2 mutein to CD8+ T cells.

HER2-targeted antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have significantly improved cancer therapy in recent decades. However, ADCs can cause toxicity and resistance, while T-cell engagers (TCEs) show promising antitumor activity in solid tumors but are limited by substantial adverse effects.

Pancreatic cancer is among the most aggressive cancer types, with survival rates being very low and current treatment being quite ineffective. To address this unmet medical need, HCW Biologics Inc. has developed and presented preclinical data for their T-cell engager approach – HCW11-018.