Receiving a third complete response letter (CRL) from the U.S. FDA for its bevacizumab formulation, ONS-5010, to treat wet age-related macular degeneration, Outlook Therapeutics Inc. watched its stock (NASDAQ:OTLK) plummet nearly 62% to a 52-week low of 60 cents on Jan. 2.

On the last day of the year, shares of Axsome Therapeutics Inc. rose 22% on news that the U.S. FDA accepted and granted priority review of the company’s supplemental NDA for AXS-05 to treat Alzheimer’s disease agitation, a $1 billion-plus opportunity, scheduling the PDUFA date for April 30.

The U.S. FDA dashed hopes that Corcept Therapeutics Inc. might be able to launch its selective glucocorticoid receptor antagonist in two indications in 2026, issuing a complete response letter for relacorilant for use in patients with hypertension secondary to hypercortisolism, also known as Cushing syndrome. Focus is now on the July 2026 PDUFA date, as Corcept seeks approval for the same drug as a treatment for patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.

The U.S. FDA has approved its first pharma treatment in more than 40 years for motion sickness. The green light for Nereus (tradipitant), from Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., was based on three clinical studies, all pivotal, including two phase III real-world trials with patients on boats and another supporting study.

The U.S. FDA’s final guidance for clinical trial inspections conducted under the bioresearch monitoring (BiMo) program seems to deviate little if at all from the 2024 draft, but that is precisely the rub for some stakeholders. The Advanced Medical Technology Association pressed the agency to ensure that the final guidance takes into account the hazards of electronic access during remote BiMo audits, but the final guidance makes no such concessions.

If the 2025 U.S. life sciences regulatory scene were to be summed up in one word, it would have to be uncertainty. Two words might be more definitive – chaotic uncertainty.

The new U.S. FDA leadership has broken with standing agency practice in several areas and in the latest move seeks to cut out the middleman in FDA contracting practices, a development that might aid small firms that are financed by venture capital.

Gene therapy has had its commercial struggles in the past year. The cost to patients is in the millions and fewer are stepping forward for treatment than companies would like. While development continues in this game-changing field, some have struggled with regulatory authorities during development while others have just stepped away altogether.

The U.S. FDA’s green lighting of Omeros Corp.’s Yartemlea (narsoplimab) makes it the first approved treatment for hematopoietic stem cell transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA), a life-threatening complication of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation. The BLA for narsoplimab, a fully human monoclonal antibody that inhibits the enzyme mannan-binding lectin-associated serine protease-2, had a Dec. 26 PDUFA date.

The U.S. FDA’s final rule for regulation of lab-developed tests was destined to be controversial at best and exceptionally susceptible to legal challenge according to more than one legal opinion. The inevitable legal challenge succeeded wildly in a decision rendered in district court in March 2025, marking one of the rare instances in which the courts thwarted FDA rulemaking and thus is easily the regulatory story of the year for 2025. Attempts to regulate AI in the U.S. and Europe also dominated the regulatory landscape.