Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare chronic and progressive autoimmune bile duct disease that is strongly associated with several immune-mediated disorders, the shared etiology and underlying characteristics of which is not completely understood. Researchers from Baylor College of Medicine investigated the shared genetic architecture of PSC with a variety of clinical and epidemiological traits and aimed to identify new lead PSC risk-associated loci.
Resistin-like molecule beta (RELMβ) is a gut-derived cytokine involved in both allergic responses and protection from pathogens, and it has been previously found to be dysregulated in mouse models of food allergy (FA). Researchers from Boston Children’s Hospital aimed assess the potential of RELMβ as a novel biomarker in children with FA.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease with complex pathogenesis. Researchers from the Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research and their collaborators have investigated biomarkers tied to AD and its severity.
Environmental factors, such as those from food allergens, can modulate IgE-driven hypersensitivity related to the genetics of allergy. Researchers from the Korea National Institute of Health aimed to investigate the impact of polymorphisms in the SORBS1 gene in relation to atopic dermatitis based on milk exposure.
Coronary artery disease (CAD) will likely remain the worldwide leading cause of death for the next couple of decades. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been useful to identify hundreds of genomic loci that contribute CAD risk.
Nuclear body protein SP140 is mainly expressed on immune cells such as B and T cells, monocytes or dendritic cells and they are activated by interferon and regulated upon cellular stress, such as during viral infections.
The success of the treosulfan-based conditioning regimen in patients with β-thalassemia undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is limited due to several complications, such as mixed chimerism and graft rejection. Researchers previously found that polymorphisms in the NQO1 or glutathione S-transferase A1 (GSTA1) genes had an impact on treosulfan pharmacokinetics, which then impacted related toxicities after HCT.
Recent findings unveiled that high serum levels of the molecular marker microRNA 371 correlate with the clinical stage and metastasis of seminomas (tumor of the testis germ cells) and nonseminomas. The expression of miR-371a-3p was evaluated in a cohort of patients with stage IIA/B seminoma and nonseminoma. Expression of miR-371a-3p was found to be positive in all 12 metastatic patients with seminoma or nonseminoma and was negative in 3 out of 4 nonmetastatic cases.
Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 (RIPK2) is a kinase protein that plays key roles in inflammation and antimicrobial response through the NF-kB signaling pathway, as well as it is known to activate c-MYC, which is involved in the progression of several malignancies, such as prostate cancer.
Previous studies revealed that cancer-restraining cancer-associated fibroblasts express Meflin as a marker in pancreatic cancer, and further research has shown that Meflin can also be a good predictive marker for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) response in non-small-cell lung cancer.
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