Curently the only available blood test to tell which women are at risk of postpartum depression (PPD) is the one that confirms their pregnancy – and a one in seven chance of developing the condition which can have long-term implications for both mother and child. Research out of the University of Virginia and Weill Cornell Medicine could soon change that by identifying biomarkers in the third trimester of pregnancy that indicate which women have the greatest risk of developing PPD.

The way the brain ages is not the same in women and men. A study in mice has observed differences in the expression of the maternal and paternal X chromosomes that could explain variation in brain aging between the sexes and a faster deterioration in some women. Another study has discovered different survival strategies in the microglial cells of females and males. Both studies highlight sex differences that could have implications for several age-related neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s.

A paracrine hormone of skeletal muscle acts as an endocrine signal for the synthesis of a sex hormone. Scientists at McGill University have observed in mice how myostatin, which inhibits the development of muscle mass to control its growth, also stimulated the production of the pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), modulating ovarian function. The hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis could include an additional element through a yet unknown role in muscles.

A series of disappointments that drove Sage Therapeutics Inc.’s stock down by 85% since August of 2023 has evolved into an unsolicited takeout offer by partner Biogen Inc., followed by a lawsuit filed by Sage a week later. The two parties, both of Cambridge, Mass., first partnered in a $1.52 billion deal in 2020, primarily to develop Zurzuvae (zuranolone) for depression. The deal included Biogen taking a 10.2% equity stake in Sage, paying $104.14 per share, or $650 million total.

At least half of women experience urinary incontinence at some point in their lives but few discuss the condition with their physicians. In part, that’s because most women believe few effective treatments exist for urinary leakage – and until recently, they were right. Several advances in 2024, however, offer new hope.

Women with endometriosis may soon be able to have a simple blood test to diagnose their disease thanks to a breakthrough by Proteomics International Ltd. that has developed a plasma protein biomarker panel that identifies all stages of endometriosis.

Celmatix Therapeutics (Celmatix Inc.) has announced a new drug program for endometriosis, with the development of a novel Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor that targets pain and inflammation. The company’s aim to focus on JNK inhibitors with greater specificity for JNK1 and JNK3 than for JNK2 led it to license lead compounds from Baylor College of Medicine.

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based models developed by a team of international researchers were able to identify ovarian cancer in ultrasound images more accurately than humans. Results from a study published in Nature Medicine showed that the AI models achieved an accuracy rate of 86.3%, compared to 82.6% for the experts and 77.7% for the non-expert examiners.

For more than a decade, HIV remained the only sexually transmitted infection (STI) with U.S. FDA approval of at-home sample collection, but a growing number of tests for sexually transmitted infections have received the regulatory greenlight for patients to swab themselves in the privacy of their own homes in recent years. With STIs reaching levels not seen in decades, regulators and physicians hope that the move will increase diagnostic rates and reduce disease spread by overcoming stigma and access barriers.

Companies working in the field of women’s health have long struggled for funding, but as the number of these companies increase and new dedicated venture capital funds emerge, the conversation is changing.