In a recent study, investigators led by Tony Tiganis at Monash University, Australia have identified that upregulation of the enzyme NOX4 (NADPH oxidase 4) boosted levels of reactive oxygen species and protected development of insulin resistance in both aged as well as obese mice.
Habituation to repeatedly presented stimuli is a prerequisite to adapting to the environment and is, often, reduced in patients with autism spectrum disorder, which may account for social impairments. However, the brain circuitry, regulators and the molecular mechanisms involved in habituation are poorly understood.
A group of scientists at the Cincinnati Children's Hospital has used separate lines of human induced pluripotent stem cells to create stomach organoids with a three-layered structure and gastric function such as smooth muscle contraction and glandular secretion. The team reported its results in the December 2021, issue of Cell Stem Cell.
In a recent study, a team of researchers at the University of Washington and Seattle Children's Research Institute have discovered that spiny mice can regenerate severely damaged internal organs that, in other mice, would lead to fatal organ failure.
A multidisciplinary team of scientists led by Britt Adamson at Princeton University along with collaborators from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the genome editing company Editas Medicine, and University of California, San Francisco have developed a novel high-throughput screening tool, Repair-seq, to profile mutations at targeted DNA lesions.
In a recent study, researchers led by Beth Weaver from the University of Wisconsin, Madison (UW-M) show that paclitaxel treatment in breast cancer patients increased cell division with chromosome missegregation to induce cytotoxicity.
A team of researchers has created peptide-like molecules – "peptoids" – with antiviral properties that could circumvent the naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides' shortcomings.
A multidisciplinary team of researchers has identified Upd3, a cytokine, as an important modulator of tumor growth and host wasting via activation of JAK/STAT signaling.
Organ transplantation is often a life-saving intervention whose success is mediated by the host's immune system. Immune-mediated rejection of an organ transplant destroys the transplanted organ or tissue and can be fatal.
Researchers led by Emanuel Hanski at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem have identified a class of molecules that inhibit endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and could decrease mortality in mice infected with Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as the group A streptococci.
