Research led by Duke University and the German Center for Diabetes Research shows the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor plays an essential role in the action of the type 2 diabetes drug Mounjaro (tirzepatide; Eli Lilly and Co.) in human pancreatic islets.
A study of more than a thousand tumor samples, led by the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, gives valuable insight into the different gene expression patterns seen in different cancers. The new findings could help address challenges associated with targeting many types of tumors, which are hard to treat in large part due to the variable nature of their cells and gene expression patterns, by helping to create better targeted therapeutics.
A study of more than a thousand tumor samples, led by the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, gives valuable insight into the different gene expression patterns seen in different cancers. The new findings could help address challenges associated with targeting many types of tumors, which are hard to treat in large part due to the variable nature of their cells and gene expression patterns, by helping to create better targeted therapeutics.
Research led by the Hubrecht Institute and the University Medical Center Utrecht has uncovered a key molecular mechanism that helps control heart regeneration in zebrafish. A protein known as leucine-rich repeat-containing 10 (LRRC10) acts as a switch to stop uncontrolled proliferation of cardiomyocyte cells when regeneration is complete. As reported in the May 18, 2023, issue of Science, lead author Jeroen Bakkers and colleagues found that the LRRC10 pathway was conserved in mouse and human cells.
Researchers based at Uppsala University in Sweden have created an adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector treatment for glioma or glioblastoma that extended survival in a mouse model of the brain cancer. Writing in the May 11, 2023, issue of Cancer Cell, the researchers reported that by introducing an inflammatory protein known as LIGHT to the tumor microenvironment using the AAV treatment, the mice were better able to fight the cancer.
A novel bispecific immunotherapy developed by Roche AG to target pancreatic cancer showed promising results combined with radiation therapy in preclinical trials carried out at the University of Colorado.
Research led by the University of Copenhagen and Herlev-Gentofte University Hospital shows that individuals with the eating disorder anorexia nervosa have an abnormal gut microbiome that likely contributes to symptoms associated with the condition. Published in the April 17, 2023, issue of Nature Microbiology, the study showed multiple differences in the species and amounts of bacteria and viruses present in the gut of people with the condition compared with healthy controls.
A live-attenuated vaccine targeting SARS-CoV-2 infection, which can be administered through the nose, has shown promise in preclinical animal studies carried out by researchers in Berlin. In an article published April 3, 2023, in Nature Microbiology, the authors reported that the COVID-19 vaccine candidate – sCPD9 – triggered the most robust immune response in a hamster model when compared with Biontech/Pfizer’s mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 and Ad2-Spike.
A research team based at MIT and Harvard has engineered a bacterial injection system to precisely deliver proteins to human cells. This work, published online March 29, 2023, in Nature, is important as while more and more molecular therapies are being developed, off-target effects are always a concern and precise targeting of cells and tissues can still be a challenge.
Partially blocking a receptor that helps regulate the activity of the inflammatory cytokine molecule interleukin-6 (IL-6) seems to promote tissue regeneration and block degeneration in a model of osteoarthritis. As reported in the March 22, 2023, issue of Science Translational Medicine, the receptor, called glycoprotein 130 (gp130), regulates both positive and negative inflammatory responses that can help regenerate tissue, but also cause degeneration.
