Membrane hyperpolarization occurs in sperm during the fertilization of an oocyte in both mice and humans.

Insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with hepatosteatosis and the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), with the pathogenesis of NAFLD being complex and involving the crosstalk between the liver and white adipose tissue (WAT).

Insulin secretion by pancreatic β cells is a fundamental component of glucose homeostasis. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A3 (ALDH1A3) is a molecule involved in pancreatic β-cell dedifferentiation, leading to cell failure, and a marker of type 2 diabetes progression.

Ferlins are a family of single transmembrane proteins with multiple calcium ion (Ca2+) binding C2 domains involved in Ca2+-mediated membrane fusion. Among other processes, ferlins participate in the acrosome reaction occurring before spermatozoa fuse with eggs. Mutations in ferlins have been shown to cause male infertility in Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster.

Researchers from South China University of Technology and Chengde Medical University presented the discovery and preclinical evaluation of novel xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) inhibitors as potential uric acid-lowering agents.

Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine are exploring avenues to heal wounds by identifying proteins that are active in fetuses, but largely inactive in adults and absent in diabetic adults. They have identified a protein called nonselenocysteine-containing phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, or NPGPx, that fits the bill and could be the basis for therapies aimed at diabetic wound healing. NPGPx is a direct transcriptional target of miR-29. miR-29 is downregulated in fetal tissue, thus NPGPx is active in fetal tissue but becomes mostly inactive in the skin after birth.

Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine are exploring avenues to heal wounds by identifying proteins that are active in fetuses, but largely inactive in adults and absent in diabetic adults. They have identified a protein called nonselenocysteine-containing phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, or NPGPx, that fits the bill and could be the basis for therapies aimed at diabetic wound healing. NPGPx is a direct transcriptional target of miR-29. miR-29 is downregulated in fetal tissue, thus NPGPx is active in fetal tissue but becomes mostly inactive in the skin after birth.

The U.S. FDA has lifted the clinical hold on Astellas Pharma Inc.’s Fortis phase I/II trial evaluating AAV gene replacement therapy AT-845 in adults with late-onset Pompe disease.