Iron-sulfur clusters are co-factors that are involved in several biological processes, such as oxidative phosphorylation, enzymatic reactions, and DNA replication and repair. Scientists from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have presented a study regarding the clinical manifestations associated with a novel neuromuscular disease gene – CIAO1 – which encodes probable cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly protein CIAO1 and is an essential member in the cytoplasmic iron-sulfur assembly machinery.
Scientists from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) and affiliated organizations have reported data from a study that assessed the role of discs large-associated protein 5 (DLGAP5) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).
Researchers from University of Padova have presented data from a study that aimed to investigate the role of microRNAs (miRs) in the development and progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-related colorectal cancer (CRC).
Psoriatic arthritis mutilans (PAM) is a rare variant and the most severe form of psoriatic arthritis where patients present erosions of the small joints and osteolysis leading to joint disruption and shortening of one or more digits. To date, no susceptibility genes have been determined.
Long-chain fatty acid beta-oxidation disorders (lcFAOD) are a group of inherited metabolic diseases, characterized by the accumulation of disease-specific acyl-CoAs reflecting the enzyme deficiency. The exact consequence of accumulating lcFAO-intermediates and their influence on cellular lipid homeostasis in patients with these diseases is unknown.
The standard therapy for moderate to severe cases of ulcerative colitis (UC) is treatment with infliximab, but it is estimated that about 40% of patients with UC do not respond to it. An international team of investigators set out to study the causes behind this, which are not clearly understood.
Since oxaliplatin is currently one of the most effective chemotherapeutic drugs used in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), resistance to oxaliplatin usually leads to therapeutic failure and poor prognosis in CRC patients. A team at The Sixth Affiliated Hospital - Sun Yat-sen University aimed to investigate the mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming in oxaliplatin resistance in CRC.
Genome sequencing has identified several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) tied to osteoporosis, but most of them are located in noncoding regions. Investigators identified a SNP which impacted the YY2-PAPSS2 axis and risk of osteoporosis; the PAPSS2 gene encodes bifunctional 3’-phosphoadenosine 5’-phosphosulfate synthase 2.
Infection with Helicobacter pylori is a risk factor for the development of gastric cancer. H. pylori initiates a chronic inflammatory response that can lead to the production of excessive radical oxygen species (ROS), which in turn can activate oncogenic signaling pathways leading to gastric cancer development. SUMOylation is a post-translational modification mechanism in cells in response to reactions to stress. A team at The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University hence set out to study the role of SUMO-activating enzyme subunit 1 (SAE1) in gastric cancer, since it is a SUMO-activating effector protein.
It is known that CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) expressed on macrophages plays a crucial role in inner hair cell ribbon synaptic repair and spiral ganglion neuron survival after synaptopathic noise-induced trauma.
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