Research into the regulation of gene expression experienced a significant breakthrough with the discovery of microRNA, small RNA molecules that do not code for proteins but control their translation. This finding has earned its discoverers – Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun – the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine “for the discovery of microRNA and its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation.”
Italian researchers have presented a case study of pediatric advanced sleep-wake phase syndrome in a 4-year-old girl. Autosomal dominant forms of this syndrome due to loss-of-function mutations in the gene coding casein kinase I isoform delta (CSNK1D) have previously been described.
The homeostasis of cytosolic calcium (Ca2+) is crucial for several physiological functions such as cell motility and neuronal transmission, among others. In this process, the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 (ITPR3) plays a key role in the release of intracellular Ca2+.
Gastric cancer (GC) is among the most malignant tumors in terms of incidence and mortality. Early diagnosis can improve the survival rate of patients, but there is a lack of effective biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of GC. Zinc finger protein 1 homologue (ZFP1) plays an important role in transcriptional regulation during embryonic development. Its homologue, MLLT10, had been found to promote carcinogenesis in leukemia and colon cancer, but limited knowledge exists on the role of ZFP1 in cancer.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and is characterized by an abnormal inflammatory reaction of the lungs to inhaled particles, such as cigarette smoke. On the other hand, the transcription factor interferon responsive factors (IRFs) are key elements in the production of type I and III interferons. A group of researchers in Italy looked into the relationship between interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and COPD outcomes.
Researchers from University of Bristol and affiliated organizations performed studies to identify new risk factors that would predict future cardiovascular events after an incident stroke.
Researchers from Shanghai Jiao Tong University and affiliated organizations have presented data from a study that aimed to identify the prognostic markers related to abnormal methylation in ocular melanoma, including uveal melanoma (UM).
Researchers from Qingdao University have presented data from a study that aimed to investigate the role of HIG1 hypoxia inducible domain family member 1B (HIGD1B) in gastric cancer (GC). The expression of HIGD1B was analyzed in GC and normal gastric tissues from multiple independent cohorts from public databases and verified using cell experiments.
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