Cell death induced by hypoxia is quite a common problem during pancreatic islet transplantation and is caused by insufficient revascularization of the grafts. It has been reported that the loss of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) in pancreatic islet cells protects them from hypoxia-induced cell death, so it was hypothesized that blockade of NLRP3 would improve pancreatic islet transplantation.