Research over the past decade has shown embryonic stem cells can undergo many disparate aspects of mammalian embryogenesis in vitro. But without the support of extra-embryonic stem cells that go on to form the placenta and yolk sac, development stalls. Now, two groups of researchers, led by scientists at the Weizmann Institute in Israel and Cambridge University, U.K., have taken the in vitro development of whole mouse embryos further, by adding or inducing the differentiation of trophoblast cells and extra-embryonic endoderm stem cells.
Research over the past decade has shown embryonic stem cells can undergo many disparate aspects of mammalian embryogenesis in vitro. But without the support of extra-embryonic stem cells that go on to form the placenta and yolk sac, development stalls. Now, two groups of researchers, led by scientists at the Weizmann Institute in Israel and Cambridge University, U.K., have taken the in vitro development of whole mouse embryos further, by adding or inducing the differentiation of trophoblast cells and extra-embryonic endoderm stem cells.
A phase II trial this week showed that combining the diabetes drug semaglutide (Novo Nordisk A/S) with a fixed-dose combination of Cagrisema (cagrilintide/semaglutide) led to “numerically higher” reductions in both HbA1c and body weight than either component alone. And on the preclinical side, researchers from the Novo Nordisk Research Center and the Helmholtz Diabetes Center reported that linking the dual PPAR activator tesaglitazar to GLP-1 improved glucose control in male mice. Both bits of news illustrate that GLP-1R agonists, which are also called incretin mimetics and GLP-1 analogs, are likely to continue their success across multiple areas of medical care.
Scientists have discovered that the enzyme aconitate decarboxylase 1 is not an anti-inflammatory mediator in sepsis. In the presence of bacterial toxins, it is involved in the cytokine storm and inflammatory signaling in monocytes and macrophages, becoming a potential therapeutic target against the infection.
Akadeum Life Sciences Inc. is rolling out a new dead cell removal kit using its patented microbubble technology. The research-use-only Dead Cell Removal Microbubble Kit (DCR kit) is currently available via direct sales to the U.S. market and on the company’s website. Akadeum’s DCR kit is designed to resolve current challenges in dead cell removal, which can hamper elimination of dead cells and the salvage of viable ones for research use.
Noninvasive electrical stimulation of the brain for 20 minutes per session over four days has been demonstrated to improve both working- and long-term memory for at least one month, in people ages 65 to 88.
Treating mice with butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid that is normally produced by beneficial gut microbes, prevented anaphylactic shock in allergic mice when they were exposed to peanuts after treatment. It also reduced inflammation in animals with colitis.
Two large-scale studies provide new data on genes, inherited variations, and de novo mutations associated with autism spectrum disorder. Some of them are also associated with other neurological conditions, like developmental delay, or schizophrenia.
A fusion protein removed beta-amyloid plaque without producing the neurotoxic inflammation associated with other treatments, such as aducanumab immunotherapy. It is based on the alphaA Beta-Gas6 fusion protein developed in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease by a team of researchers at The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology in South Korea.
The development of cancer after p53 inactivation is determined by a series of genomic changes that occur in four steps. The loss of heterozygosity of TP53 (the gene encoding p53 in humans, named Trp53 in mice) is followed by an accumulation of deletions, genome doubling, and the emergence of gains and amplifications. In a study published in the August 17, 2022, issue of Nature, researchers have further observed that these four phases of genomic evolution are associated with specific histological stages before and after the malignant condition developed.
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