The envelope (E) proteins of Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) present a high degree of homology, which can lead to cross-reactive antibodies that exacerbate disease through antibody-dependent enhancement. This enormously challenges the development of effective ZIKV vaccines.

In a recent study published in Cell Reports, a team of scientists from Gilead Sciences Inc. and the University of Cincinnati detail the discovery and engineering of potent bispecific antibodies that can significantly reduce lesion development in a guinea pig model of recurrent genital herpes.

Researchers from the CUNY Advanced Science Research Center and their collaborators recently published a paper in Science Advances on Aug. 27, 2025, about synthetic carbohydrate receptors (SCRs) and their potential as broad-spectrum antivirals by targeting the viral envelope N-glycans. They described the antiviral activity of a series of tetrapodal SCRs both in vitro and in vivo, showing their potential as broad-spectrum inhibitors of viral infection.

Researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles and collaborators have analyzed what cell types are infected by hantaviruses and how infection alters gene expression.

Jynneos, a current vaccine against orthopoxviruses such as smallpox and mpox virus, elicits only modest antibody responses, highlighting the need to search for more immunogenic vaccines or treatments. The global outbreak of mpox virus infections in 2022 lent urgency to this challenge.

Effective vaccines against Staphylococcus aureus remain out of reach: 10 candidates that showed promise in preclinical animal models have failed in clinical trials. Researchers at Third Military Medical University and collaborators reasoned that one of the reasons might be that 70%-80% of the population has developed antibodies to the pathogen.