Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase that regulates signaling pathways controlling cell survival and proliferation. Dysregulation of FGFR2, through amplification or activating mutations, contributes to tumor development, making it an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in oncology.
Researchers from Fudan University reported the development of CZL-077, a p300/CBP bromodomain inhibitor. p300 and CREB-binding protein (CBP) are closely related histone acetyltransferases that play central roles in regulating gene expression. Dysregulation of these proteins has been implicated in tumorigenesis and the development of therapy resistance.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells depend on the transcriptional kinases CDK12 and CDK13 to maintain DNA damage response gene expression and manage replication stress. Due to their functional overlap, inhibition of a single kinase may permit compensatory activity.
DNA polymerase θ (POLθ) is a specialized, error-prone DNA polymerase that promotes the repair of DNA double-strand breaks through theta-mediated end joining (TMEJ), an alternative pathway that operates independently of homologous recombination.
Challenges in developing antiviral agents against rhinoviruses (RVs) include their genetic heterogeneity (over 160 serotypes), rapid evolution of the viral capsid and serotype-specific immunity. To overcome these limitations, alternative approaches targeting host cellular pathways essential for viral replication have been proposed.
Orexin OX2 receptor agonists have demonstrated the ability to enhance wakefulness in rodent models, as well as in nonhuman primates and patients with narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia. Based on recent findings, it has been hypothesized that they may also regulate cognition, mood and other neuropsychiatric functions. Furthermore, dysregulated orexin signaling has been reported in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) with suicide attempts.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological cancer with limited treatment options and characterized by frequent relapse and poor prognosis. The only approved antibody-drug conjugate for AML is gemtuzumab ozogamicin, which targets CD33.
Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) helps promote the survival of cancer cells, and degrading it can sensitize tumors to immunotherapy against PD-1. Degrading the entire protein seems to be essential: merely blocking its kinase activity does not sensitize tumors.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype affecting 15%-20% of breast cancer patients. TNBC patients harboring breast cancer susceptibility gene 1/2 (BRCA1/2) mutations have shown improved therapeutic response to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi).
In an effort to develop more effective estrogen receptor α (ERα) inhibitors, researchers at Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine and collaborators aimed to develop a proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) against the receptor.
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