In work conducted by Jining Medical University investigators, synthesis and optimization of a previously reported ATP-competitive pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-based glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) inhibitor led to the discovery of compound [I], a candidate with significant inhibitory activity on GSK-3β (IC50=0.35 nM), with its inhibitory effect being approximately 12-fold greater than that of broad-spectrum GSK-3β inhibitor staurosporine and 189-fold greater than that of the parent compound.