Researchers from McMaster University and Espervita Therapeutics Inc. have identified the enzyme ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) as a key metabolic regulator of tumor-immune interactions in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) driven by metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).
Characteristics of the tumor microenvironment are likely to contribute to the aggressiveness of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the extremely poor prognosis of those who suffer it. By analyzing patterns of gene expression in cancer-associated fibroblasts from TNBC tumors, researchers in China identified the PLAU gene as a driver of aggressive phenotype.
Osteoporosis involves degradation of bone throughout the body, and it already affects nearly a quarter of a billion people in the aging global population.
Intracerebral hemorrhage accounts for 10%-15% of all cases of stroke, and it is associated with particularly poor prognosis due to primary and secondary brain injury driven by neuroinflammation. This inflammation involves the activation and subsequent pyroptosis, or lytic cell death, of microglia.
Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) is a secretory glycoprotein from the glycoside involved in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. In the brain, CHI3L1 is primarily produced by activated astrocytes, where it is involved in inflammatory neurotoxicity, emerging as a potential biomarker of neuroinflammatory disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease.
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease characterized by systemic inflammation and progressive joint destruction. Current treatments include conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and biologics. However, long-term treatment is frequently associated with drug resistance and significant adverse effects.
Researchers from Peking University and the China-Japan Friendship Hospital have gained new insights into the role of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Cerebral damage resulting from external mechanical impacts causes TBI, which is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
Colorectal cancer remains a prevalent and deadly form of cancer. A significant challenge to treating colorectal tumors is the creation of a suppressive tumor immune microenvironment that leads to tumor progression and resistance to immunotherapy.
Cancer cells often use epigenetic changes to resist treatment, a major factor particularly in late-stage deaths from ovarian cancer. One potential epigenetic marker, DNA secondary structures known as G-quadruplexes (G4s), has recently gained attention; however, their presence and role in ovarian cancer had not been studied until now.
