NK cell-based cancer immunotherapy has emerged as an anticancer treatment approach and is currently being tested in clinical trials. KIR2DL5, a member of the human killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) family, has recently been identified as a binding partner for poliovirus receptor (PVR). However, the biology and therapeutic potential of the KIR2DL5/PVR pathway remain widely unexplored.

Endophilin A2 (EndoA2) is a member of the endophilin A family, and is involved in the regulation of neurological and cardiovascular diseases, as well as tumor formation. Researchers from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University assessed the role of EndoA2 in renal fibrosis.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a disease affecting the bile ducts that can lead to end-stage liver disease and cholangiocarcinoma. Patients with this disease lack therapeutic treatment other than liver transplantation.

Noncoding RNAs, such as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), are important regulators and markers of cardiovascular diseases. Saphenous veins are frequently used in coronary artery bypass surgery, but about 50% of the saphenous vein grafts fail in the first 10 years after surgery due to neointima formation.

Investigators at the University of Copenhagen and affiliated organizations presented data from a study that aimed to validate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) as potential new targets.

Researchers from Washington University presented data from a study that aimed to identify myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) markers in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

G protein-coupled receptor 183 (GPR183/EBI2) is one of the key regulators of the innate immune system, and it has been shown to be upregulated in multiple sclerosis (MS) plaques. In a recently reported study, researchers from Medical University of Gdansk evaluated the effects of pharmacological modulation of GPR183 signaling on remyelination.