In idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, the lung tissue thickens and stiffens through proliferation of fibroblasts and invasion by inflammatory cells. One of the drivers of these processes is the enzyme autotaxin, which produces the signaling molecule lysophosphatidic acid. Several inhibitors of autotaxin have been reported, which show varying degrees of clinical potential.
Beijing Fuyuan Medicine Co. Ltd. has described compounds acting as monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) inhibitors reported to be useful for the treatment of cancer, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
To identify potential biomarkers of interstitial lung disease, researchers at West China Hospital of Sichuan University and Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University mined the Gene Expression Omnibus database of transcriptomes as well as compared tissues across healthy individuals and patients with connective tissue disease, who had interstitial lung disease or not.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rapidly progressing lung disease with high unmet needs and characterized by an excess in matrix deposition that leads to severe decline in lung functioning, where arginase expression and arginine metabolism seem to be involved and could be a promising target. Astrazeneca has presented data regarding their arginase inhibitor, AZD-8965, for the potential treatment of IPF.
OGG1 is a key enzyme in the base excision repair pathway, responsible for removing oxidized bases from DNA. In idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), emerging evidence suggests that OGG1 also contributes to profibrotic gene expression, indicating a role beyond DNA repair.
In pulmonary hypertension (PH), upregulated signaling by ActRIIA ligands, such as myostatin, activin A and GDF11, activates SMAD2/3 mediated pathways that drive pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular dysfunction. Therapeutic blockade of these ligands using ligand traps such as sotatercept improves vascular remodeling and ameliorates PH pathology.
Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. has divulged macrocyclic compounds acting as cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators reported to be useful for the treatment of cystic fibrosis.
Anima Biotech Inc. has divulged collagen 1 (COL1) translation inhibitors reported to be useful for the treatment of cirrhosis, fibrosis, nonalcoholic or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (NASH/MASH), alcoholic fatty liver and autoimmune diseases.
Chinese researchers have developed a new a circulating exosomal proteomic biomarker signature that may aid in the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in combination with computed tomography. Exosomes may contribute to lung disorders by carrying cargoes that promote inflammatory responses in immune and lung epithelial cells. The assay was performed in a case-control biomarker study; exosomes from 168 serum samples were extracted and submitted to proteomic analysis.
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