Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a multifactorial disease, the pathogenesis of which involves environmental exposure and genetic predisposition.
Based on findings from recent studies that have identified MUC5AC in mice infected with the nematode Trichuris trichiura and during colitis, researchers from Medical University of South Carolina aimed to assess the effects of Clostridioides difficile infection on MUC5AC in the intestinal mucosa.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease in which several unique genes have shown expression in the lung tissue of patients with IPF. Previous findings had found the mRNA expression of band 4.1-like protein 3 (EPB41L3) to be 14-fold higher in lung fibroblasts from patients with IPF compared to control subjects.
About 50% of patients with small intestine neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs) have their prognosis negatively impacted by the development of mesenteric fibrosis, but the mechanisms behind these are poorly understood. In work at Sun Yat-sen University, single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on five primary tumor specimens and their corresponding adjacent nontumoral tissues.
Breast cancer is a heterogenous disease in terms of its prognosis and treatment response. Metabolic reprogramming is a potential therapeutic target because of its repercussion on oncogenesis.
Researchers from Tokyo Medical University presented data from a study that assessed microRNA (miRNA) profiles in extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from vitreous humor and serum of patients with ocular sarcoidosis and vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL).
Recent findings discovered a mutation in the METTL23 gene, which encodes methyltransferase-like protein 23, in a pedigree of normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). The aim of researchers from the Institute for Vision Research, The University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine was to confirm an association of mutations in this gene with NTG.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that play important roles in immune response regulation in autoimmune disease such as autoimmune hepatitis. Researchers investigated whether Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is present in marijuana, could prevent the development of autoimmune hepatitis in treated mice by altering miRNA expression.
Based on its analysis of a large cohort of individuals homozygous for the ε4 variant of apolipoprotein E (APOE4), a multinational team of researchers is arguing that homozygosity for APOE4 should be considered a genetic form of Alzheimer’s disease. However, not everyone agrees that the findings warrant reclassifying APOE from risk factor to causal gene. Currently, APOE4 is classified as the strongest risk factor for developing AD. Another variant, the APOE2 variant, is protective, while APOE3 is neutral.
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