Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, is characterized by the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to a decline in both motor and cognitive functions. Incretin-based therapies, initially designed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, have demonstrated relevant neuroprotective effects in preclinical models of PD.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening pulmonary condition marked by intense inflammation, alveolar damage and fluid accumulation in the lungs, often leading to respiratory failure. In a study recently published in Translational Research, researchers aimed to develop a more physiologically relevant model by combining two major ARDS contributors: gastric acid aspiration and ventilator-induced lung injury.
Graves disease (GD)-associated hyperthyroidism is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of autoantibodies that stimulate the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), leading to excessive production of thyroid hormones.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a respiratory disease characterized by chronic inflammation and structural damage to the alveoli, with irreversible declined lung function. M1 pro-inflammatory macrophages mainly participate in airway inflammation and in tissue destruction, and are involved in COPD, but the mechanisms need to be elucidated.
In the current landscape of cancer research, much attention is focused on the tumor microenvironment (TME) at both the primary site and established metastases. However, the early micrometastatic niche remains poorly understood. Researchers from the Hospital del Mar Research Institute (HMRI) have pinpointed T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM3) as a key vulnerability in tumor micrometastasis, revealing a new target to halt metastatic progression at its origin.
Semmelweis University and University of Debrecen have jointly identified isochroman compounds reported to be useful for the treatment of bacterial infections.
Work at Ensem Therapeutics Inc. has led to the discovery of anilino-pyrazole derivatives acting as cannabinoid CB2 receptor agonists. As such, they are reported to be useful for the treatment of anxiety disorders, autoimmune disease, depression, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, osteoarthritis, chronic pain and substance abuse and dependence, among others.
Compounds acting as histone acetyltransferase KAT6A (MOZ; MYST-3) and KAT7 (HBO-1; MYST-2) inhibitors are reported in an Ideaya Biosciences Inc. patent as potentially useful for the treatment of cancer.
Deciphera Pharmaceuticals LLC has described new dual serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf (BRAF) and/or RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase (RAF1; c-Raf) and microtubule destabilizers (tubulin polymerization inhibitors) potentially useful for the treatment of cancer.
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