Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery remains the gold standard treatment for patients with severe atherosclerosis, but the long-term failure of the grafted veins is a persistent challenge. Excessive vascular smooth muscle cell (vSMC) proliferation in the grafted tissue, promoted by the increased exposure of vSMCs to pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines, is a key driver of late CABG failure. A team of researchers from the University of Edinburgh and collaborators previously identified a human-specific long noncoding RNA, named SMILR, that is enriched in vSMC and promotes its proliferation.
KAYO-1732 is a novel, orally available, small-molecule inhibitor of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3 (ALDH1A3) enzyme, being developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disorders.
A new generative AI model trained on UK Biobank data can simultaneously forecast the risks and timing of developing over 1,000 different diseases a decade into the future. The developers applied similar algorithmic concepts to those used to develop large language models like ChatGPT and Gemini to build the model, using medical records from 402,799 participants in UK Biobank.
Mabwell (Shanghai) Bioscience Co. Ltd. and Aditum Bio Management Company LLC have announced the launch of Kalexo Bio, a new company formed in conjunction with an exclusive global license agreement to develop 2MW7141.
Scientists at Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology and JD Bioscience Inc. have disclosed 5-HT2A receptor antagonists reported to be useful for the treatment of cancer, hyperlipidemia, obesity, diabetes, arteriosclerosis, hepatic steatosis, fibrosis and hypertension.
Researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences have explored a novel approach using lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to generate fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) macrophages in vivo and evaluated their potential to mitigate cardiac fibrosis and improve heart function after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a condition that may lead to right heart dysfunction. Previous evidence has tied mitochondrial dynamics with the progression of PAH, but the mechanisms behind this are not well elucidated.
Previous studies have shown that neuroinflammation within the brain significantly contributes to the development and progression of hypertension. Neurogenic hypertension is defined as chronically high blood pressure that is initiated and maintained through excessive activity of the sympathetic nervous system, and is associated with increased activation of the kinin B1 receptor (B1R). Moreover, the dysregulation of the kallikrein kinin system and its receptors, particularly B1R, is involved in cardiovascular diseases and other pathological conditions associated with inflammation.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening disease; vasodilators may aid in managing this condition, but their impact on prognosis is still limited, potentially due to a lack of biomarkers to guide therapy. Japanese researchers have presented results of their efforts to discover potential molecular markers that may predict response to pulmonary vasodilators.
The mechanisms behind diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) have been deeply studied but still not well-established within the scientific community. Mutations in cardiac junction proteins may result in heart failure and arrhythmia. ER degradation enhancing α-mannosidase like protein 2 (EDEM2) is involved in the degradation of misfolded N-glycosylated proteins, but its role in the heart is not clear and was investigated.
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