Recent studies suggest that neutrophils are not only involved in the innate immune response but also may play extended roles in chronic inflammatory disorders and adaptive immune responses as well.
Researchers from Astrazeneca plc have presented a novel adeno-associated virus (AAV)-delivered human (h)IL-33 neutralizing scFv-based protein construct at the 2023 World Congress on Basic and Clinical Pharmacology.
A new study on the interleukin 1 (IL-1) pathway and its involvement in systemic inflammation and autoinflammatory diseases has described a mutation of the IL-1 receptor type 1 (IL-1R1) receptor associated with chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO). The variant p.Lys131Glu of this receptor was identified in a patient with CRMO. A peripheral blood mononuclear cell analysis showed an inflammatory event in lymphocytes, especially in monocytes and neutrophils. The research was conducted by a group of scientists at Zhejiang University in China and reported in the July 11, 2023, issue of Immunity.
The endogenous human protein annexin A1 (ANXA1) is a driver of inflammatory resolution and has shown protective effects in several models of diseases with inflammatory components, including myocardial infarction. Researchers from Resother Pharma A/S and colleagues reported on the preclinical cardioprotective role of RTP-026, a peptide derived from the ANXA1 N-terminal region that acts as N-formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) ligand. In vitro, testing of receptor selectivity and activation in FPR2-HEK-293 cells showed an EC50 value between 10 and 30 nM.
In brain research, be it basic or clinical, neurons have long hogged the limelight. But at the 2023 European Meeting on Glial Cells in Health and Disease, neurons take a back seat to glia – cell types that have often been described as support cells and treated as an afterthought, but that play critical roles in all aspects of brain function, including information processing.
Researchers from Adiso Therapeutics Inc. have reported the discovery of a novel small-molecule dual NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, ADS-032, being developed for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Screening of an in-house bioactive compound library led to the discovery of ADS-032, a sulfonylurea compound.
Researchers from Anhui Medical University presented the discovery and preclinical evaluation of new vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) inhibitors as potential therapeutic candidates for rheumatoid arthritis.
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