Attempts to modernize the conceptual framework of brain function and dysfunction are one prerequisite for brain disorders to benefit from precision medicine. For the circuit-based insights that are slowly emerging to benefit patients, though, better targeting methods are needed.

Habituation to repeatedly presented stimuli is a prerequisite to adapting to the environment and is, often, reduced in patients with autism spectrum disorder, which may account for social impairments. However, the brain circuitry, regulators and the molecular mechanisms involved in habituation are poorly understood.

The FDA granted 510(k) clearance to Neuronetics Inc.’s MT Cap technology for the company’s transcranial magnetic stimulation system, Neurostar Advanced Therapy for Mental Health. The MT Cap speeds the process used to determine the dose and motor threshold for treatment with the Neurostar system for major depressive disorder (MDD). The company expects to begin a limited introduction of the product within weeks, with national rollout to follow in the first quarter of 2022.

Brainsgate Ltd. came up short in a recent FDA advisory hearing for the company’s Ischemic Stroke System (ISS) to treat stroke despite that the panel was unanimously satisfied with the pivotal trial’s safety numbers. One of the issues with the pivotal study was the small enrollment of study subjects in the U.S., which demonstrates once again the hazards of relying on outside-U.S. study data in applications with the FDA.

Brain disorders have not yet profited from advances in precision medicine to the same extent that other disorders have. With the advent of magnetic resonance imaging and other technologies, watching the brain at work has made great strides in recent decades. But those data have often been shoehorned into the categories of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Researchers are working to bring diagnostic categories in line with a modern understanding the brain.