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In the March 2023 issue of Science Immunology, researchers working at the City of Hope National Medical Center reported on the discovery the mechanisms by which the spliced X-box–binding protein 1 (XBP1s) served essential functions in the IL-15-dependent survival of natural killer (NK) cells. Since XBP1s is known to play critical roles in MHCII expression, the unfolded protein stress response, and ultimately tumorigenesis, the study provided deep insights into the understanding of NK cell biology with translational potential.
Previous studies have implicated OBSCN in breast tumorigenesis and have also demonstrated that low OBSCN levels correlate with significantly reduced overall and relapse-free survival in breast cancer patients. In a recent study, researchers from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center aimed to investigate the mechanisms involved in the regulation of OBSCN.
Arpeggio Biosciences Inc. has patented phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, mitochondrial (PHGPx; GPX4) inhibitors reported to be useful for the treatment of cancer.
Researchers at Hangzhou Glubio Therapeutics Co. Ltd. have patented isoindolinone molecular glue degraders that induce DNA-binding protein Ikaros (IKZF1) degradation and are reported to be useful for the treatment of cancer.
The expression of zinc finger transcription factor Trps1 (TRPS1) has been recently found to be specific for tumors of the breast. In normal skin, the expression of TRPS1 is found in outer root sheath, sebocytes and matrical cells of the hair follicle, as well as the inner luminal cells of eccrine glands. Cutaneous tumors with origin in these cell types were hypothesized to express TRPS1. Because little knowledge exists about the expression of TRPS1 in nonmelanocytic tumors of the skin; researchers from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center performed immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of TRPS1 in different types of cutaneous tumors.
The traps that neutrophils develop against microorganisms also hold T cells and prevent the success of immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer. To free the immune system from itself, scientists at the Istituto Oncologico Veneto in Italy made a key that unlocked this sticky dungeon from an antibody against arginase-1 (ARG1), an enzyme also present in the trap.
The NMPA accepted a BLA from Astellas Pharma Inc. for enfortumab vedotin, which is designed for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer who previously received treatment with a PD-1/L1 inhibitor and platinum-based chemotherapy. “In China, there were nearly 86,000 new cases of bladder cancer in 2020, and we are working with the NMPA to seek approval for enfortumab vedotin for patients with advanced stage disease,” said Ahsan Arozullah, senior vice president and head of development therapeutic areas at Astellas.
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