Collaborators in Australia, South Africa, Sweden and the U.K. have linked reduced levels of neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NrCAM) in maternal or placental blood to greater risk of fetal growth restriction
in newborns and of preeclampsia in the mothers, based on analysis of various cohorts of patients from several countries.
Thoracic aortic dissection can progress to a highly lethal cardiac emergency, but it cannot usually be detected in early stages, so suitable biomarkers of progression are needed. Levels of C-reactive protein in serum rise during progression, but they also rise in infectious or autoimmune conditions, making the biomarker nonspecific.
Immune evasion continues to limit the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapies. Among emerging regulatory molecules, transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs of 13-48 nucleotides), generated through tRNA cleavage, are gaining attention for their roles in controlling gene expression at both the transcriptional and translational levels. Recent research suggests that abnormal tsRNA expression is closely associated with the development and progression of colorectal cancer.
Researchers have identified bi-allelic variants in the POPDC2 gene as the cause of a rare inherited cardiac syndrome characterized by sinus node dysfunction, atrioventricular (AV) conduction defects and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm is a life-threatening cardiovascular disease characterized by chronic inflammation and irreversible dilatation of the abdominal aorta and is asymptomatic at the early stages of the disease, with diagnosis usually relying on imaging techniques and surgery being the main approach for treating it.
Hypertensive nephropathy is a major complication of hypertension characterized by inflammation and fibrosis in the kidneys. Recent findings have suggested that agrin may play a critical role in some tissue types such as in the heart or skeletal muscle.
The switch will be flicked today to make the world’s largest dementia-related proteomics dataset freely available to researchers, at the same time as members of the consortium which compiled it publish the proteomics signatures of major neurodegenerative diseases that they uncovered in a first trawl of the data.
FAST kinase domain-containing protein 5 (FASTKD5) is a mitochondrial protein that is needed for processing mRNA in the primary mitochondrial transcript. Several mutations have been found in other proteins involved in mitochondrial metabolism, but mutations in the FASTKD5 gene have not yet been reported.
Lung cancer is the second most frequent cancer worldwide, and it accounts for 18% of all cancer-related deaths. Most cases of lung cancer involve non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), in which therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can improve prognosis, yet up to 75% of patients fail to respond to it. Researchers at the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College have identified potential metabolic markers that may help predict which patients are more likely to respond to ICI therapy.
Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer remains a major challenge even with well-defined treatment options. The identification of reliable markers for early detection of the disease is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
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