Performing experiments and potentially manufacturing products in space offers some unique advantages in a near-zero gravity environment. Space changes buoyancy, hydrostatic pressure and convective heat flow. Researchers are studying how those changes affect cells, but also looking to take advantage of the changes to create products in manufacturing processes that wouldn’t be possible on earth.

A ‘guilt by association’ study linking disease-associated proteins to proteins for which there was no evidence of any role in pathology, has identified groups of proteins interacting with genes that genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have previously implicated in 21 disease areas. Revealing these interactions has thrown up new drug targets.

A study by researchers in Spain suggests that current metagenomic analyses of the microbiome can yield erroneous results, largely due to the incomplete databases that are used to identify microbial DNA sequences. A team led by Clemente Fernández Arias and Federica Bertocchini at the Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Madrid, evaluated current microbiome analysis techniques on computer simulations of microbial communities in a report published on Feb. 8 in PLOS ONE.

Using a near-atomic resolution cryo-electron microscope and imaging techniques that prevent loss of information, scientists at the La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. have obtained the complete 3D structure of the glycoprotein of the Ebola virus and that of the drug that neutralizes it, Inmazeb, the first FDA-approved treatment for this deadly virus. “The challenge was embracing the inherent asymmetry, the heterogeneity that is really there in biology, understanding it and collecting enough data to get all the images without needing to force any symmetry averaging,” senior author Erica Ollmann Saphire told BioWorld.

The suppression of the SYF2 factor could be a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of the different types of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). According to a study from the University of Southern California, SYF2 acts on the TDP-43 protein, improving the survival of motor neurons affected by this disease. “We wanted to find something that would improve neuron survival across many different iPSC lines for ALS,” Justin Ichida told BioWorld.

Researchers have developed an algorithm that was able to create functional enzymes from scratch after being trained with the amino acid sequences of existing enzymes in the same class. Researchers from the University of California at San Francisco described their method online in Nature Biotechnology on Jan. 26, 2023. The method, which its creators have named Progen, can generate “protein sequences with a predictable function across large protein families,” according to the authors.

By applying deep learning methods to a large database of zinc finger nucleases, researchers at the University of Toronto and New York University have developed an algorithm, Zfdesign, that was able to design custom zinc fingers for any given stretch of DNA. “I think this system levels the playing field for zinc fingers and CRISPR,” said Philip Kim, co-corresponding author of the team's paper published online in Nature Biotechnology on Jan. 26, 2023.