PARIS – An interdisciplinary academic research consortium in Italy has devised and tested nanowires that restore physiological cell-to-cell conductance. This research team, led by the Experimental and Applied Medical Technology Lab (Tecmed Lab) at the Department of Medicine and Surgery at the University of Parma, Italy, has just published the results of multiple local in situ injections of nanowires into left ventricular infarct regions in Nature Communications.

The growth of some pancreatic cancers is fueled by fungus-induced production of the cytokine IL-33, and the progression of such tumors could be slowed down by treatment with antifungals or genetic deletion of IL-33, researchers reported in the February 3, 2022, online issue of Cancer Cell.

A histone acetylome-wide associations study performed in immune cells from patients with active Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection versus those from healthy controls, has for the first time provided proof of principle for HAWAS to infer molecular mechanisms of host response to pathogens.

Researchers have discovered a blood signature of protein isoforms that could potentially predict which patients may reject a new organ transplant, helping inform therapeutic decisions. The findings of this study are reported online in the January 27th edition of Science.

A remarkably brief exposure to a multidrug cocktail enabled frogs to re-grow largely functional limbs after amputation, investigators from Tufts University reported in the January 26, 2022, issue of Science Advances. Twenty-four hours of exposure to five factors – brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), growth hormone (GH), 1,4-dihydrophenonthrolin-4-one-3carboxylic acid (1,4-DPCA), resolvin D5 (RD5) and retinoic acid (RA) – set off regeneration processes that continued for 18 months.

Researchers at the RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research in Japan have deployed improved genetically modified human stem cell-derived retinal transplants to treat rats with retinitis pigmentosa, a major cause of hereditary human blindness.

South Korea’s Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) has completed a preclinical study for a noninvasive therapy for Alzheimer’s disease. The "ultrasound-based gamma entrainment” technique involves syncing up gamma waves, or brain waves above 30 Hz, with an external oscillation of a given frequency. This happens naturally by exposing a subject to a repetitive stimulus, such as sound, light, or mechanical vibrations.

Drugs targeting receptors of the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) are widely used in neuropsychiatry and some such agents, most notably psilocybin, have shown potential for further drug development, but hallucinogenic effects have limited their clinical use. The findings of a new multicenter Chinese structural pharmacology study may now provide a solid basis for the structure-based design of safe and nonhallucinogenic psychedelic analogues with therapeutic efficacy, the authors reported in the January 28, 2022, edition of Science.

Two studies published this January by separate research teams have conclusively identified Epstein-Barr virus infection as the cause of multiple sclerosis, and the mechanism by which the immune response to EBV infection triggers an attack on the myelin sheath, the insulation that enables high-speed neuronal transmission.

By using a new method to model ovarian cancer, researchers at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center have gained new insights into the role of senescence in therapy response of high-grade serous ovarian cancers.