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Multiple sclerosis

Molecular mimicry triggers multiple sclerosis

Jan. 25, 2022
By Anette Breindl
Antibodies to the EBNA1 protein of Epstein-Barr virus can cross-react with glial cell adhesion molecule (GlialCAM), a component of the myelin sheath. The findings are the first to report a mechanism for how viral infections can cause autoimmune disorders.
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Elderly hands holding broken brain structure

Small molecule improves AD neuropathology in mice

Jan. 24, 2022
By John Fox
A novel dual-action small molecule developed by a team led by scientists at Kyungpook National University (KNU) in Daegu, South Korea, has been shown to improve the neuropathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in mice, the authors reported in the Jan. 18, 2022, edition of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
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Neural network

Senescent neurons block neurogenesis in mice

Jan. 21, 2022
By John Fox
Destroying senescent cells in the aging stem cell niche, either genetically or pharmacologically using the small-molecule senolytic ABT-263 (navitoclax; Abbvie Inc.), enhanced hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function in mice, a Canadian study led by scientists at the University of Toronto has found.
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Virus cells

Targeting PARP could fight cancer-associated virus

Jan. 20, 2022
By Anette Breindl
The enzyme poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP1) is well known for its role in DNA damage repair, and multiple FDA-approved PARP inhibitors are used to treat BRCA-mutated tumors. Now, researchers at the Wistar Institute have described a role for PARP in regulating the genome of Epstein-Barr virus.
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Amyloid plaques forming between neurons

Amyloid aggregates differ in familial and sporadic AD

Jan. 19, 2022
By Anette Breindl
Investigators have identified structural differences between amyloid-beta (Abeta) aggregates in the postmortem brains of patients with inherited and sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), respectively. Moreover, both were different from the aggregates that form when Abeta assembles in vitro.
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Tape measure, apple on scale

Insulin is tissue-specific, with link to weight complex

Jan. 18, 2022
By Subhasree Nag
A study by researchers led by David James from the University of Sydney showcases the diversity in metabolic responses observed across different mouse strains exposed to two different diets that demonstrates the heritability of metabolic traits.
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Futuristic medicine research illustration with petri dishes and pipette

Machine learning approach speeds resistance identification

Jan. 14, 2022
By Anette Breindl
A team led by researchers from the ETH Zürich and the University of Basel has used a combination of mass spectrometry data and machine learning to predict antibiotic resistance of clinical bacterial samples. The results, which were published in the Jan. 10, 2022, issue of Nature Medicine, could speed the identification of optimal antibiotic regimens for patients.
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Multiple sclerosis-damaged myelin

Study brings clarity on how MS starts, though not yet why

Jan. 14, 2022
By Anette Breindl
By using data collected over decades in a database of more than 10 million active-duty military personnel, researchers have managed to nail down the connection between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and multiple sclerosis (MS).
Read More
Pregnancy

Study tracking pregnancies shows increased risk of COVID-19 complications for the unvaccinated

Jan. 13, 2022
By Nuala Moran
LONDON – A population level study tracking every pregnancy in Scotland between the start of the pandemic in March 2020 and the end of October 2021 lays bare the devastating impact of COVID-19 on perinatal mortality.
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Streptococcus pneumoniae in lungs

Researchers restore front-line antibiotics' effects

Jan. 13, 2022
By Tamra Sami
Researchers at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, the University of Queensland, Griffith University, the University of Adelaide and St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have unlocked a key to making existing front-line antibiotics work again against Streptococcus pneumoniae, the bacteria that cause pneumonia.
Read More
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