A tangle of DNA can look like a knotted ball in the cell nucleus. However, the genetic machinery has a complex and regulated structure. Its long repetitive sequences also seemed to have no function. They were called junk DNA, although they were not. The same happened with proteins and low-complexity domains, disordered chains of amino acids that were poorly understood. Nevertheless, that protein noise has turned into music for the 2025 Lasker Awards. These prizes have recognized the work of scientists who were able to see order in chaos.

Researchers from the CUNY Advanced Science Research Center and their collaborators recently published a paper in Science Advances on Aug. 27, 2025, about synthetic carbohydrate receptors (SCRs) and their potential as broad-spectrum antivirals by targeting the viral envelope N-glycans. They described the antiviral activity of a series of tetrapodal SCRs both in vitro and in vivo, showing their potential as broad-spectrum inhibitors of viral infection.

There have been numerous improvements in the treatment of cardiovascular disease since the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) first met in 1950, but unmet medical need remains and the science continues to advance, as delegates heard at the 75^th annual meeting in Madrid, Spain, Aug. 29-Sept. 1.

“The impoverished laboratory environment in which mice and rats are maintained has been very good at increasing experimental replicability,” Steven Austad told the audience at the 12th Aging Research & Drug Discovery Meeting (ARDD) in Copenhagen last week. “But at the cost of sacrificing translational relevance.”

At the 12th Aging Research & Drug Discovery (ARDD) Meeting, which is being held this week in Copenhagen, Life Biosciences Inc. announced that it is developing its partial epigenetic reprogramming technology for liver disease as well as optic neuropathies. The company’s chief scientific officer Sharon Rosenzweig-Lipson estimated that its ER-100 would enter clinical trials in early 2026, putting it on track to be the first application of partial epigenetic reprogramming to enter the clinic.

Mitochondrial transfer is known to occur from the tumor microenvironment into cancer cells, but now, Swiss researchers have shown a possible precursor to this is that cancer cells smuggle their mitochondria into healthy connective tissue cells, prompting their reprogramming to cancer-associated fibroblasts.

New research has filled in missing links between gene variants that have been implicated in disease through genome-wide association studies and how the variants drive disease pathology. The research involved using induced pluripotent stem cells derived from healthy donors and transforming them into macrophages. These were then exposed to 24 different stimuli mimicking infection and inflammation, and the gene expression profiles assessed six and 24 hours later, to see which genes were turned on or off in response.

French vaccines specialist Osivax SAS has been awarded $19.5 million by the U.S. Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) to fund work on its universal influenza A vaccine.

The frontiers of xenotransplantation have been further extended with a pig-to-human lung transplant, the first time an organ that is directly exposed to the external environment – with the associated risk of respiratory pathogens – has been transplanted. The genetically modified pig lung remained viable and functional for nine days, after it was transplanted into a 39-year-old man who was declared brain dead following a hemorrhagic stroke.

Deficiencies in interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), a protein that normally regulates the immune response, causes mild but persistent inflammation. However, its absence also provides an unexpected advantage by increasing resistance to viral infections. Inspired by this condition and using mRNA technology, scientists at Columbia University and the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have developed a broad-spectrum antiviral platform.