The most comprehensive study to date of how lung cancer evolves in response to selection pressures indicates the genetic profile at diagnosis can be used to predict how a tumor is likely to progress, opening up new prospects for personalized medicine and potential therapeutic targets. The data were generated in Tracerx (Tracking cancer evolution through therapy), a £14 million (US$17.4 million) study funded by the charity Cancer Research UK (CRUK) with the aim of defining how clonal heterogeneity of tumor cells affects the risk of recurrence and survival.
Researchers at The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology in Milan have discovered that the targetable enzyme phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinase type-2 β (PIP4K2B) participates in mechanosensing leading to changes in gene expression, nuclear morphology and cellular motility. The expression of PIP4K2B bodes a poor prognosis in cancer patients and PIP4K2B is the sole PIP4K isoform localized to the nucleus.
Medshine Discovery Inc. has prepared octahydropyrazinodiazanaphthyridine dione compounds acting as GTPase KRAS inhibitors reported to be useful for the treatment of cancer.
Acerand Therapeutics (Hong Kong) Ltd. has patented pyrimidine-containing dihydropyrazolone derivatives acting as Wee1-like protein kinase (Wee1) inhibitors and reported to be useful for the treatment of cancer.
C-type lectin receptor is a family of molecules consisting of several proteins that recognize a broad spectrum of ligands, such as immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), and are known to regulate diverse immunological functions.
Defence Therapeutics Inc. says it has successfully established a strategy conjugating mRNA molecules to Accum, the company’s core technology that enables precision delivery of vaccine antigens or antibody-drug conjugates in their intact form to target cells.
As prostate cancer progresses, tumors lose the androgen receptor (AR) on which initial treatment is based. Oftentimes, such patients also lose expression prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), which is the target of approved agent Pluvicto (lutetium (177Lu) vipivotide tetraxetan; Novartis AG) as well as a number of experimental drugs. Such patients can no longer benefit from either androgen- or PSMA-directed therapy.
Suzhou Zion Pharma Technology Co. Ltd. has reported GTPase KRAS (G12C mutant) inhibitors described as potentially useful for the treatment of brain cancer.
Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1; RIP-1) inhibitors have been reported in a Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry patent as potentially useful for the treatment of cancer, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, macular degeneration, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel and Alzheimer’s disease, among others.
Protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 is a negative regulator of immune cell function and is broadly expressed in the hematopoietic compartment. Due to its role in immune cell signaling, SHP-1 may be explored as a target for tumor immunotherapy.
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