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Treating mice with butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid that is normally produced by beneficial gut microbes, prevented anaphylactic shock in allergic mice when they were exposed to peanuts after treatment. It also reduced inflammation in animals with colitis.
Two large-scale studies provide new data on genes, inherited variations, and de novo mutations associated with autism spectrum disorder. Some of them are also associated with other neurological conditions, like developmental delay, or schizophrenia.
A fusion protein removed beta-amyloid plaque without producing the neurotoxic inflammation associated with other treatments, such as aducanumab immunotherapy. It is based on the alphaA Beta-Gas6 fusion protein developed in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease by a team of researchers at The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology in South Korea.
The development of cancer after p53 inactivation is determined by a series of genomic changes that occur in four steps. The loss of heterozygosity of TP53 (the gene encoding p53 in humans, named Trp53 in mice) is followed by an accumulation of deletions, genome doubling, and the emergence of gains and amplifications. In a study published in the August 17, 2022, issue of Nature, researchers have further observed that these four phases of genomic evolution are associated with specific histological stages before and after the malignant condition developed.
Scientists have discovered an RNA-based mechanism that is involved in core hallmarks of a number of accelerated aging conditions and shown that therapies targeting this RNA reverses some of these hallmarks in human cells and extend life spans in mouse models.
Integrated Graphene Ltd. is partnering with a team of scientists at the University of Edinburgh to develop a point-of-care biomedical test for liver transplants. The Sensibile project team is working to develop a prototype electrochemical biosensor that can detect biliary complications’ biomarkers in donor livers. Sterling, Scotland-based Integrated Graphene’s 3D graphene foam electrode will help to assess the viability of the biliary compartment, and the quality of the donor liver prior to transplantation.
As the resident innate immune cells of the brain, microglia are emerging as key drivers of neurological diseases, but as yet there is no systematic way of exploring their potential as drug targets.
A new method has been devised to produce generic chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells at scale by directing induced pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into mature T cells in vitro. The generic T cells can then be engineered to express a range of different chimeric antigen receptors.
Scientists at the Institute of Cancer Research in London have discovered that melanoma cells spread by harnessing a gene normally involved in the development of the nervous system.
Researchers around the world are making advances in understanding how HIV becomes latent and seeking out vulnerabilities that could provide routes to targeting reservoirs and eliminating them.
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